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Aluminum, titanium, magnesium alloy and carbon fiber bike comparison
2016-06-14
Currently on the market prices of the material mainly bicycle aluminum frame, titanium frame, magnesium alloy frame, carbon fiber bicycle frame, such as several, frame properties which material is more advantageous? Frame material selection which is better? Here, I will explain in detail the advantages and disadvantages of various materials bicycles to facilitate the purchase of a texture, price and performance are fully Composite their car
Advantages aluminum bicycle frame
(1) is made of lightweight bicycle frameAluminum light weight but not hard enough, it is made in order to enhance the strength of the alloy and heat treatment administered. [Heat Treatment] The aging precipitation enhancement method, simply put, the metal in the metal deformable material to form a hindrance. When a heat treatment at a certain temperature, it will cause aging precipitation, if not through this program of the bicycle frame, can also cause aging at room temperature. That is the bicycle frame is placed in the room will gradually become stronger.
Many bicycle frame with aluminum alloy 6061T6 material to manufacture. T6 flag indicates that after heat treatment, aging. If not, then the intensity of the heat treatment can only reach 1/2 or 1/5 degree.
There are 7075 logo bicycle parts (such as XTR crank, etc.), strictly speaking, it has not been heat treated. That is because there is no limitation, and therefore is aging at room temperature. 7075 alloy inherently necessary heat treatment, heat treatment intensity can be increased by 5 times.
In addition, the 7005 alloy are used to manufacture the bicycle frame, it can not compare with the strength of 7075, but it can be performed at room temperature sufficient aging material. This material can also be processed into thin Padded material. But the low strength of the material itself, and Young's modulus of elasticity, so bold to increase the rigidity of the pipe diameter. Commonly referred to as an aluminum crude pipe of this type.
(2) the appearance of very long time frame changes
Aluminum itself is very susceptible to corrosion in air hardly exists which is not oxidized aluminum, is placed immediately in the air is oxidized to form a thin oxide film. Why do not rust? The reason is to prevent further rusting when the oxide film reaches a certain level. The oxide film is almost colorless and therefore not easy to detect changes in the appearance (sometimes white)
On the other hand, riding a bicycle made of this material, the number of riding, the more the number is high stress occurs, causing a significant change in strength. Recently,in order to seek light, many of the bicycle frame material to create a thin (thin level limit has been reached) these are used without fatigue limit of aluminum to make the bicycle frame, after prolonged use in the end how it will change in strength ! Dedacciai company produced SC61-10A and other surface facilities have shot peened (KET Processing) pipeline, the purpose of this process is to extend the fatigue life. According to public information, it can increase 140%. , KET deal is: fatigue damage is a crack occurred on the metal surface is the cause, hence the hardening processing techniques to improve the hardness of the metal surface.
The disadvantage of aluminum bicycle
(1) Aluminum is a low modulus of elasticity and rigidity of the material. So a thick pipe, or change the shape of such cross-over tube, padded tubes.
(2) requires a heat treatment
Heat treatment is necessary, otherwise insufficient strength. It is generally the size of small factory can not afford to purchase heat treatment equipment. Especially the 6000 series aluminum alloy tube, pipe manufacturers in most cases is specified heat treatment conditions.
Titanium is a high performance materials used in aerospace products, metal material with excellent performance, is the internationally recognized competitions and production of various kinds of leisure with the most advanced high-end bicycles, the best material. Prominent feature of Titanium is a light weight, high strength, elasticity, good impact resistance, fatigue resistance, corrosion never rust. Bicycle racing in particular, the requirements of light weight, stiffness and good impact performance. Light weight can improve the speed and reduce physical exertion during long-distance movement; stiffness of the bicycle frame in favor of a good driving force conversion and improves handling performance; good shock absorption may well slow the bicycle frame from the road surface impact, thereby reducing driver fatigue.
(1) can produce high-intensity light and the bicycle frame, higher strength titanium metal. Adding aluminum and titanium vanadium, higher elasticity (compare and aluminum), but also conducive to the design.
(2) does not rust, titanium not only its weight is only 50% of steel and chrome molybdenum steel strength weight Bibi high 28.4%. Titanium is twice the fatigue limit of steel, aluminum bike after using for a long time in this area can not be compared with the titanium bicycle frame. As an application on their own bicycle frame high strength and low density of titanium alloy materials, which not only makes the bicycle frame light weight, high strength and make the bicycle frame is more durable.
Titanium is hardly etched in the general environment. But there is another phenomenon that is dissimilar metal corrosion corrosion. For example, different types of alloys are joined together to become the state of the electrode, the potential of the current applied errand localized corrosion. Measures taken in this phenomenon is like insulating grease (grease mixed with metal powder, such as trade name: Ti Plepu etc.) The metal powder to prevent the loss of fat, even after the loss is also used to prevent intimate contact. Such an electrically conductive metal powder does not matter, after contact with a smaller load destroyed. This phenomenon is called "stick" it and "baking" is different.
"Stick, bite": the phenomenon between the metal by etching to engage.
"Baking engagement": the heat generated by the processing of the metal to melt bonding.
Riding feeling good
Titanium is also used in the shock absorber spring. Now made of titanium bicycle frame suitable for long rides. Some riders love of titanium bicycle frame, think riding feeling good. But individuals vary, chromium molybdenum steel, and it was believed comparison, chromium-molybdenum steel bicycle frame shock absorption than titanium bicycle frame is good, feeling better than riding a titanium bicycle frame (This chromium-molybdenum steel bicycle frame the stress and the shape of the tube can be increased with a thin relevant) if titanium tube processing technology has been further improved, there may be the same riding feeling and chromium molybdenum steel.
Some people feel titanium bicycle frame swing, this may be the use of plane tube (no plus padded, and can not change the thickness of the tube) related. Or though the use of high-strength titanium alloy, but not with a thin tube, also has a relationship.
The disadvantage of titanium bicycle frame
Price is high. Titanium dioxide in nature with two forms exist, and extraction of processing complex, technically demanding, and spend time therefore costly. Further processing of welding is extremely difficult because of the strong affinity of titanium and oxygen, the titanium dioxide into the air and immediately after the exposure, and titanium oxide is hard and brittle, the strength of this part will continue to decline. So be careful with an inert gas welding. Tig welding is commonly referred to: (Tig: tungsten inert gas abbreviation) performed arc welding with tungsten electrode and argon gas. Titanium welding required isolation from the air is carried out. For these reasons the titanium
bicycle frame is very expensive.
Recently, some more expensive than aluminum titanium bicycle frame bicycle prices, suggesting that titanium bicycle frame prices fell. It is due to reduced military spending after the Cold War, with less of titanium; excellent technicians began to produce titanium bicycle frame; titanium bicycle frame production cost reduction and other reasons.
Magnesium is the lightest metal engineering structural material having a density of only 1.8 g / cm 3, 1/4, 2/3 aluminum steel. Due to the quality of light alloy magnesium, specific strength and stiffness ratio, good damping, also has excellent cutting performance, with a very broad application prospects in the aviation, aerospace, automotive, rail transportation and electronic industries. Although the discovery of magnesium is close to the same time aluminum, with respect to the level of the amount of aluminum in the world's 27 million tons, the amount of magnesium is still small, so the development of magnesium industry also has enormous opportunity and potential. In science and technology research magnesium, the world, including Western countries for research and development of magnesium is still very limited, the gap between China and developed countries is far less than aluminum and steel in terms of proportion so large magnesium alloy magnesium alloy, although heavier than plastic However, the strength and elastic modulus per unit weight than plastic high, so in the case of the same strength of parts, magnesium alloy parts can do better than the plastic is thin and light. Further, since the strength of magnesium alloy than aluminum and iron is high, therefore, does not reduce the strength of the parts under reduce weight aluminum or iron components.
Magnesium alloy relative strength (strength and mass ratio) is highest. Specific stiffness (stiffness to mass ratio) close to the aluminum and steel, much higher than the engineering plastics.
In the elastic range, the magnesium alloy impact load energy absorbing larger than half the aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy therefore has a good seismic noise reduction performance.
Low magnesium alloy melting point than the melting point of aluminum, die-casting good performance. Tensile strength of magnesium alloy castings and aluminum castings rather, generally up 250MPA, up to 600 Mpa. Yield strength, elongation, and aluminum is also little difference.
A magnesium alloy also has good corrosion resistance, electromagnetic shielding, radiation properties, can be 100% recycled.
High stability magnesium alloy casting parts machining line of high dimensional precision die casting, precision machining can be carried out.
Die-cast magnesium alloy has good formability, die casting minimum wall thickness of up to 0.5mm. Adapt to all kinds of automobile manufacturing die casting.
Carbon fiber bicycle frame material advantages and disadvantages:
Carbon fiber bicycle frame, characterized in that the "light, bend, good shock absorption", but full of carbon fibers excellent
Energy, technically does not look so easy, quality carbon fiber material differences between the manufacturers as well. Bicycle manufacturers consider the cost issue, unlikely to be used to produce high-grade carbon fiber bicycle frame.
Carbon fiber is the stuff of carbon fiber molding resin solidification. Very light, but it is a material having directionality (tensile strength Shear strength of the strong but weak), so the use of thin layers of overlapping ways to address the shortcomings, the processing requires complicated stress calculations. With respect to the titanium alloy material, both as an ideal material for its own production of high-end bicycle frame, the current trend in the development of the market has gradually become the mainstream production of high-end bicycle frame, but the properties of the material to its customers do not fully understand, we customer contrast to introduce titanium alloy and carbon fiber material aspects should highlight the following points carbon fiber bicycle frame:
(1) Carbon fiber bicycle frame if external force is applied to the fiber direction at an angle, the strength will be greatly decreased, easy to crack.
(2) carbon fiber bicycle frame in the process of curing the resin added problem exists, wind and sun will gradually affect the performance of the bicycle frame
(3) carbon fiber bicycle frame is integrally molded mold after curing, the mold cost is quite high, the plant was unable to meet the customized service.
(4) after forming a carbon fiber frame, if broken will no longer be repaired
It has been likened to the bicycle frame samurai sword, samurai sword is the life, and the bicycle frame is a bicycle rather soul! Thus, understanding the bicycle frame bicyclebecame the first chapter of introduction and car notes. Ideal bicycle frame emphasizes light weight, enough strength, rigidity, good processing quality and fit rider geometry design, showing a lot of bicycle frame learning!
Carbon fiber is not a metal, but a composite material, the use of carbon fiber yarn woven into cloth, through the process of becoming a prepreg resin prepreg, and then the prepreg laminate is then incorporated into the CD-type mode thermoforming, made according to necessity various shapes of the bicycle frame. Its characteristics are lightweight, more flexible (excellent shock absorption), riding a sense of stability and long-distance tracking continued good sense, high comfort, technology changing, but poor surface hardness, when administered outside force higher than its breaking strength , it will cause breakage. Furthermore, in recent years, due to the significant increase in demand for carbon fiber yarn, resulting in a shortage of material, so the price is high. The tensile strength of carbon fiber is strong, but the shear strength is weak, the processing requires complicated stress calculations (longitudinal rigidity, transverse rigidity), according to the calculation of the carbon fiber sheet molding overlap. High modulus (Hight Module, HM) general often mentioned, referring to the high tensile strength carbon fiber material.
Currently forming method of carbon fiber tubes are integrally molded, 3D woven and so-called injection pipe to pipe system, the future trend will be towards consolidation integrally formed with the tube on the tube optimum design development. Currently on the market has developed a carbon nano-fiber technology, widely used in general to abandon the carbon fiber epoxy epoxy resin, changing to an gluing carbon fiber woven fabric 2 special nano-materials, and claims can impact the performance of the bicycle frame foot a 40% increase than the traditional foot carbon fiber material! Carbon fiber is more suitable for general use requiring a smaller drag on the timing racing.
Compared titanium alloy is for the best, but the price is more expensive, but generally not so good, aluminum is now using the best, because the technology is relatively mature, cost-effective, generally 40 km / h hit will not be deformed, but Prospects magnesium alloy is relatively high, but the technology is not very mature at this stage, an aluminum alloy which can be divided into grades, now generally 606,160,637,005 7075,7075 the highest price, but generally this bike put relatively high profits, you need to bargain.
Source:tieba
Author:caidanchedexiaohuo
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